Bio Technology: Defined

Biotechnology is a technology based on biology, when used in medicine, food science and agriculture. It involves the use of living organisms, biological systems to alter products or processes for a particular use. The laboratory based techniques emerging in biological research like recombinant DNA or tissue culture are some examples of this field. In a broad sense, scientific knowledge is used to manage microorganisms, cells and tissues of higher organisms in such a way that goods and services useful for human beings are available. Biotechnology is a blend of biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, cell biology and embryology. It is also linked with information technology, chemical engineering and robotics.

 

 

Biotechnology has established its use in four major industrial regions – agriculture, crop production, health care, non-food and environmental use of crops. Use of organisms to produce organic products, use of naturally present bacteria by the mining industry are some of the illustrations of Biotechnology. Production of biological weapons and Bioremediation are the other examples. Red Biotechnology is related to medical processes. The methods of designing organisms for the production of antibiotics, engineering of genetic cures by genomic manipulation are a few topics in this type of Biotechnology. White or Grey Biotechnology is concerning the industrial processes. Designing an organism to generate a useful chemical and use of enzymes as industrial catalysts for production of chemicals are related to this category. When Biotechnology is applied to agriculture, it is called Green Biotechnology. In this transgenic plants are designed to grow under particular environmental conditions or along with particular agricultural chemicals. Engineering of a plant to express a pesticide to eradicate the need of the external use of pesticides in an environmentally friendly mode is an interesting topic. The aquatic and marine uses of Biotechnology are called Blue Biotechnology.

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